INSTYTUT DENDROLOGII

Aims and scope

Dendrobiology (formerly: Arboretum Kórnickie) is a semiannual open access journal that publishes peer-reviewed scientific articles related to the biology and ecology of trees and shrubs, to enhance our understanding of the functioning of woody plants in various ecosystems. Dendrobiology promotes research across the fields of anatomy, biochemistry, ecophysiology, ecology, molecular biology, morphology, physiology, reproduction, or systematics. Potentially suitable manuscripts should cover (but are not limited to) the following aspects:

• taxonomy, systematics, biogeography and population genetics of woody plants,
• community ecology of woody plants and dependent communities (e.g. epiphytes, understory vegetation, or fungal assemblages),
• functional ecology of woody plants,
• impacts of environmental factors (including environmental stress, e.g. heavy metals, drought, frost, or nutrient shortage) on trees and shrubs,
• invasion ecology of trees and shrubs and their assembled organisms,
• molecular biology of woody plants, including genomics, metabolomics, or proteomics,
• interactions between woody plants and (symbiotic or pathogenic) fungi, and animals,
• reproduction of woody plants (pollination, fruit production, seed storage, germination, seedling growth),
• silviculture and forest ecology,
• phenology of trees and shrubs and their responses to climate changes,
• and other studies related to functioning of trees and shrubs in various environments.

Article types

Dendrobiology welcomes four types of papers:

• Original research article (prepared based on complete studies; it should not exceed 8,000 words, including references),
• Review (summarizing advances in topical areas; up to 10,000 words, including references),
• A short note (for brief communications of new and particularly noteworthy issues, up to 5,000 words including references, a maximum of three display items, and 25 references),
• Dendrobiology cookbook (methods paper showing ‘behind the scenes’ methodology of tree and shrub studies, potential biases, and practice remarks useful in studies on woody plants).

Papers that exceed the word count will be returned to the Authors without review. Dendrobiology may consider accepting longer papers after contacting the Editors in advance and justifying the increase in article length in the Cover Letter.

Submission of manuscripts

The manuscript should be complete, concise, and clear, so before submission, the Authors are encouraged to read EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators (freely available at www.ease.org.uk/publications/author-guidelines in >20 languages). Adherence will increase the chances of acceptance of submitted manuscripts.

Submission of the manuscript should be accompanied by a Cover Letter in which the Authors state the purpose, question, or hypothesis being addressed in the paper. If submitting a paper longer than 8,000 words, authors must explain why it is necessary to increase the word limit of the paper. Authors should also state in a Cover Letter that the work has not been previously published, is not being considered for publication elsewhere, and has been read and approved by all authors.

Online Submission

Please follow the hyperlink https://www.editorialsystem.com/dend  on the left and upload all of your manuscript files following the instructions given on the screen. We ask for the submission of the manuscript as a single file together with tables, figures, etc., and also please upload the figures and tables in separate files.

Reviewers

Authors are asked to suggest five appropriate reviewers (with contact information). We strongly encourage Authors to diversify suggested reviewers across geographic origin, gender, and career stages, to provide multiple points of view in peer review. Usually, providing the most prominent researchers is ineffective, due to their overload of reviews. For that reason, it is crucial to provide a wide range of specialists, who can objectively and professionally suggest revisions for the manuscript.

Preparation of manuscript

Language

Only papers written in English will be accepted. We expect concise and simple language, as most of the readers of scientific literature are not native speakers. We strongly recommend following the recent guidelines of scientific writing, especially:

• using active voice instead of passive voice, which makes sentences harder to follow,
• shortening and splitting long sentences,
• avoiding concerning repetitions as a language mistake – it is better to repeat a precise term than to introduce synonyms, which may be misleading,
• using freeware software to check spelling and grammar,
• asking another person, with proficiency in English writing, for critical reading of the manuscript

The transliteration of non-Latin characters should be based on the ISO 9:1995 transliteration standard.

Style

All parts of the manuscript must be typed in a 12-point font, with all margins at least 2.5 cm wide. Pages and lines within pages should be numbered.

Nomenclature, units, and abbreviations

All scientific terms should conform to the current international nomenclature. Botanical and zoological names should be typed in italics. Authorities of taxonomic and syntaxonomic names should be given after the first use. SI units should be used. All abbreviations, nomenclature, and symbols must be used consistently in the text and figures. Please use abbreviations only when abbreviations are used more than three times in the text.

Organization of the manuscript

Title page

• Full names of all authors with an indication (*) of the corresponding author (if the corresponding author is specified as different than the first author).
• Title (it should be informative and short, maximum length: 100 characters or 15 words; only scientific plant names should be used).
• Abstract (up to 350 words). In original research articles, the abstract should preferably be subdivided into sections: BACKGROUND, AIMS, METHODS, RESULTS, and CONCLUSIONS. For review articles and other wide-scope articles, the abstract should preferably be subdivided into sections: BACKGROUND, SCOPE, and CONCLUSIONS.
• Keywords (up to five words or phrases not present in the title).
• Address (First (abbreviated) and family names of authors, name, and address of institutions of research origin, ORCID identifiers, and e-mail).

The main body of the article
An original research articles should be organized in 4 sections labeled:

• Introduction: the motivation, purpose, and hypothesis of the article should be explained, providing an adequate background.
• Methods: section should contain sufficient information to allow others to repeat the work. Standard methods should be referenced. Here Authors should also justify the methods used and point out potential drawbacks of the methodology.
• Results: clear and concise, only original findings should be presented.

Discussion: the new results should be clearly distinguished from published data. In this section, results should be interpreted and not repeated. Particularly, a good Discussion section should answer three questions: how your findings differ from the contemporary state of the art?; why you obtained particular results?; what are the consequences of your results?

Acknowledgments
Acknowledgments of financial support and other forms of help received from people or institutions should be placed in a separate section, before the References section.

References

References in the text. References should be in the Harvard style, i.e. citations appear in the form (Nowak, 2011, 2012, 2014; Nowak & Werner, 1991; Nowak et al., 1998), or if only the year is given in brackets, there should be no comma after the author name, e.g., The results of recent work by Nowak et al. (1992)... References to papers having three or more authors should give the name of the first author only, followed by et al. Publications by three or more authors with the same first author should be listed chronologically. If there is more than one work by the same author or team of authors in the same year, a, b, c, etc. is added to the year both in the main body of the article and in the list of references.

Reference list. References should be listed alphabetically at the end of the article and should conform to the formats of the following examples. Journal titles should be given in full with volume numbers (the issue number in brackets is unnecessary). Uppercase first letters in article titles should be used only when appropriate.

Journal article:

Teskey RO, Saveyn A, Steppe K & McGuire MA (2008) Origin, fate and significance of CO₂ in tree stems. New Phytologist 177: 17–32.

Sánchez-Cuesta R, Ruiz-Gómez FJ, Duque-Lazo J, González-Moreno P & Navarro-Cerrillo RM (2021) The environmental drivers influencing spatio-temporal dynamics of oak defoliation and mortality in dehesas of Southern Spain. Forest Ecology and Management 485: e118946. (for online-only articles with no page numbers)

Book:

Larcher W (1995) Physiological plant ecology. 3rd ed. Springer-Verlag, New York, Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany.

Proceedings and book chapter:

Rohfritsch O (1992) Patterns in gall development: Biology of insect-induced plant galls (ed. by JD Shorthouse & O Rohfritsch) Oxford University Press, New York, NY, USA, pp. 60–86.

Citing literature sources in other languages than English is welcomed, and no information about original source is needed. In such cases please cite original title:

Akkurt Gümüş S (2020) Manavgat çayı-Dim çayı Arasının bitki örtüsü ve biyoçeşitlilik analizi.  İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü (Unpublished PhD Thesis).

Where a DOI is included in a reference, it should be cited as follows:

Zweifel R, Bangerter S, Rigling A & Sterck FJ (2012) Pine and mistletoes: how to live with a leak in the water flow and storage system? Journal of Experimental Botany 63: 2565–2578. doi:10.1093/jxb/err432.

Except for accepted manuscripts in press, unpublished material and personal communications should only be cited in the main body of the article and not in the references.

References should be checked carefully to make sure that all references given in the text (and no others) appear in the list of references and that the spelling of the author’s names and the dates are correct.

We highly recommend the use of a tool, e.g. EndNote or Zotero, for reference management and formatting with style used by Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata.

EndNote reference styles can be searched for here: http://www.endnote.com/support/enstyles.asp

Zotero reference style can be searched for here:

https://www.zotero.org/styles

Tables
Each table should be typed on a separate sheet furnished with self-explanatory, informative headings (Table 1. ...). Tables must be planned to fit the width of the published text of 170 mm (two columns) or 82.5 mm (one column).

Figures
These should be referred to in the text as Fig. 1, etc. Illustrations prepared in MS Excel and MS Word should be submitted in the original format.

• Figures prepared in Adobe Illustrator should be submitted in any of the three formats: *.ai, *.eps, or *.pdf. Figures prepared in other programs should be exported, preferably to one of the formats: *.pdf, *.wmf. *.emf or *.eps; if this is impossible, then to *.tif, *.jpg or *.bmp formats (if it is *.jpg, then choose the lowest compression and highest quality possible; the smaller the file, the worse the quality, which should be avoided) at a minimum resolution of 300 dpi given the width of the published text of 170 mm (two columns) or 82.5 mm (one column).
• Scanned figures should be saved in *.tif or *.jpg formats (see above). Digital photographs should be submitted with no changes to the original size and resolution. Do not submit illustrations larger than 16 cm × 19 cm unless asked to do so.
• Uniform lettering throughout the paper (including numbers and symbols) is required.
• Figure legends must be attached to the main file.
• Number illustrations in the order in which they are presented in the text.

Supplementary materials

Supplementary materials in the form of tables, figures, lists, databases, etc. can be attached to the work as independent files. 

Voucher specimens and molecular data

Lists of studied specimens should be an integral part of the submission. We strongly recommend putting information for all specimens gathered (country, state/province, town, locality, co-ordinates, substrate, date of collection, collector, herbarium abbreviations, herbarium numbers, etc.) into a separate file and submit it as Supplementary Material. The suggested type of such data is the .csv file format, where georeferenced data (latitude, longitude) should be saved in decimal format (e.g. -37.798, 145.608). Also, precise localities of species records and georeferences of study plots and experiments should be included in the Methods section. Here authors are free to use the degrees, minutes, and seconds format (31°10’3.7’’ S, 125°32’41.9’’ E). If you would like to avoid giving exact localities, for example in the case of protected, rare, or endangered taxa, please let us know in the cover letter.

DNA sequences should be deposited in publicly-accessible databases like NCBI GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/), EMBL (https://www.embl.org/) or others. We discourage citations of a single GenBank accession number sequence and recommend citations of the original sources, like papers in which sequences have been published for the first time. We also require submission of sequence alignments as supplementary materials or by citing them in the TreeBASE repository (https://treebase.org/treebase-web/home.html). Both sequences and alignments should be deposited, allowing the reviewers free access.

Ethics and peer review process

The corresponding author will be notified of receipt of the manuscript. We follow the COPE Code of Conduct concerning plagiarism, data manipulation, guest authorship, ghost authorship, and other cases of scientific misconduct. Any ethical problems or errors noticed before or after publication should be reported to the Editors (Ten adres pocztowy jest chroniony przed spamowaniem. Aby go zobaczyć, konieczne jest włączenie w przeglądarce obsługi JavaScript.). Each manuscript will be reviewed by at least two reviewers with expertise in the subject. The review process is single-blind. Manuscripts are accepted primarily based on their scientific merit if they clearly and objectively present reliable results on the biology of woody plants. The most common reasons for manuscript rejection are: 

• the study does not fall within the aims and scope of the journal,
• the procedures or data analyses are defective, so they do not allow drawing reliable conclusions,
• the manuscript is incomplete and/or incomprehensible,
• a lack of objective discussion, references are outdated,
• plagiarism, microplagiarism, or self-plagiarism.

Proofs 

Page proofs will be sent to the corresponding author’s address as given on the title page. Alterations in the text, other than factual or printer errors, should then be avoided.

Open access statement

Dendrobiology is published as an open access journal. All original articles and review papers published in this journal are free to access immediately from the date of publication. We don’t charge any fees for any reader to download articles and reviews for their own scholarly use. All articles are availabe under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. This license requires that reusers give credit to the creator. It allows reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, even for commercial purposes. See more about CC BY 4.0 license

Preprint and post-print policy

Dendrobiology does not allow authors to deposit any form of preprint article in the Open-Access institutional archives, repositories, or personal websites. However, we strongly encourage authors to deposit a final publisher's version/PDF on an article (post-print) in repositories of all kinds. The primary benefit of post-print self-archiving is to reach a larger audience, which enhances the visibility and impact of your research.