Larysa Shupranova, Kyrylo Holoborodko, Oleksandr Zhukov, Maria Shulman, Iryna Loza, Oksana Seliutina, Iryna Ivanko
Antioxidant activity and resistance traits of Aesculus species against Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimić infestation in the Ukraine steppe
Dendrobiology 2024, vol. 92: 89-100
https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.092.007
Abstract:
The study aimed to assess the enzymatic antioxidant system for determining the species-specific response of Aesculus species different in tolerance to C. ohridella attacks. Antioxidant activity of non-infested and infested leaves in six species of the genus Aesculus was investigated on 15-year-old representatives growing in Dnipro city (Steppe zone, Ukraine). The leaves of Aesculus both healthy and mined by C. ohridella were sampled within Dnipro city in 2023. Activity of benzidine and guaiacol peroxidase (BPx, GPx), catalase (CAT), and content of soluble proteins (SP) were determined. The isoenzyme composition of BPx was determined by isoelectric focusing (IEF). Statistical differences between the species were corroborated via ANOVA using Statistica software. High constitutive levels of BPx, GPx activities and soluble protein concentrations were detected in the leaves of Aesculus parviflora; this species was highly resistant to the leaf miner infestation compared to unresistant Ae. hippocastanum and moderately resistant species. Different adaptative ways of Aesculus species to C. ohridella influence were shown to occur due to the diverse functional role of oxidative enzymes. In A. glabra, catalase was activated; induction of this enzyme occurs only at high ROS concentrations. BPX stimulation found in A. hippocastanum and A. flava could indicate the participation of this enzyme in hydrogen peroxide neutralization and synthesis of phenolic compounds. Increased GPx activity (in A. pavia) occurred mainly (except for the disposal of H2O2) to strengthen the cell wall; it enhanced the resistance response against the influence of the horse-chestnut leaf miner. Under the influence of the oligophagous insect, only quantitative changes in IEF profiles of isoperoxidase were recorded specifically depended on the species of Aesculus. This output may be beneficial for application of Aesculus plants (A. parviflora, A. × carnea, A. flava) highly resistant to stress in urban green plantings. This study showed that the antioxidant status of leaves in the genus Aesculus can be a reliable indicator of the plant tolerance to C. ohridella attacks. .
Keywords: Cameraria ohridella, protein content, Aesculus genus, horse chestnut resistance, peroxidase and
catalase activities, peroxidase IEF profiles